Several factors influence the performance of asphalt modified with polyurethane in bitumen modification systems. Key factors include the type and concentration of polyurethane used, the compatibility of the polymer with the asphalt matrix, temperature during mixing, and the shear forces applied during processing. Additionally, the presence of additives, the aging conditions of the asphalt, and the intended application environment also play crucial roles in determining the effectiveness and durability of the modified asphalt.