Dual function behavior usually comes from a solids content high enough to build a continuous film plus additives that improve adhesion to concrete and masonry while maintaining spray or brush workability. The formulation is tuned to resist water penetration after cure and to tolerate below grade exposure when used as dampproofing. Important features include controlled particle size for smooth film formation, proper emulsifier system for stability, and guidance on coat thickness to avoid trapped water. Performance also depends heavily on surface prep and adequate cure time before backfill or water exposure.