The dry process of modifying hot mix asphalt (HMA) with rubber involves blending crumb rubber directly into the aggregate before mixing with asphalt binder. This method enhances the performance characteristics of the pavement, improving elasticity, durability, and resistance to cracking. The rubber particles interact with the asphalt, resulting in a more cohesive mixture. Typically, the rubber is added in a controlled percentage, ensuring optimal performance without compromising the workability of the asphalt mix.