Road American
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Bonding occurs as water evaporates and the emulsion breaks, causing bitumen droplets to coalesce into a continuous film that wets and anchors to the substrate or aggregate. The emulsion is engineered to break by charge interaction, absorption into surface fines, and changes in pH or ionic environment. As the film forms, it develops cohesion and adhesion without needing high temperature. Performance depends on surface texture, cleanliness, ambient temperature, wind, and humidity, because these control evaporation rate and the time window for proper film formation.
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