Near aquatic environments, constraints include limiting harmful solvents, controlling leachable additives, and ensuring the cured film resists erosion without releasing fines or oils. Water-based systems are favored, but “water-based” is not automatically safe: surfactants, amines, biocides, and anti-stripping agents can have aquatic toxicity. Formulations often avoid high-VOC carriers and use stable latex or elastomer dispersions that coalesce reliably at ambient temperatures. Practically, you must review the SDS for aquatic hazard statements, require spill control procedures, and avoid application during rain or when runoff can enter drains or waterways.