What operational parameters must be controlled when spraying bitumen emulsion on site?

Control surface condition, weather, and machine settings. Substrate cleanliness, surface moisture, and temperature strongly affect break and bond. Operationally, manage application rate, vehicle speed, spray bar height, nozzle condition, pressure, and emulsion temperature. Avoid spraying in rain, heavy dust, or on very cold surfaces unless the spec allows it. Ensure the emulsion is well mixed and not partially broken in the tank. After spraying, control curing time before trafficking or overlay to prevent pickup and ensure proper film formation. Track density and binder content for accurate residual binder rate.